Today, kids grow up with their entire lives digitized and at their fingertips, but those of us over sixty rarely get a high-fidelity look back into our childhoods.

Sure, there might be some faded Polaroids or 35mm slides from major holidays, but those aren’t particularly vivid or easily shared. A majority of our lives—who we were and everything we experienced—exists only in brief flickers of increasingly fragile human memory, ultimately unsharable except as tediously repetitive verbal anecdotes, like those our grandparents told us when we were kids.

So when one uncovers an item that triggers lots of childhood memories and emotions, it’s worth expending some effort to preserve it. In this case, a 40-year-old cassette tape bearing a very special song, which I recently digitized.

Therindel and Daeron cover

Therindel and Daeron cover

Therindel and Daeron On Ravenhill cassette

Therindel and Daeron On Ravenhill cassette

In 1978 I was only fourteen years old and about to start high school. I’d recently devoured J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Hobbit” and “The Lord of the Rings” trilogy, and had gotten in touch with a handful of other young fans to found the New England Tolkien Society.

NETS had two publications: I produced a big annual called “MAZAR BALINŪ” (The Book of Balin) that featured art, poetry, fiction, and such (read more about that here); but our regular newsletter was a monthly called “Ravenhill”, named after a fortified spur of the Dwarves’ Lonely Mountain, which was the ultimate goal of Bilbo & Co.’s quest in The Hobbit.

Our Tolkien fan group’s meetings were infrequent, because we were spread out all over the northeast, but we made up for it with enthusiasm, taking on Hobbit or Elven or Dwarven personae, dressing up in costumes, having period feasts, hosting Tolkien trivia contests, and the all-important mushroom-rolling race (using only one’s nose, of course).

Those events were always uproarious fun. Contrary to my home life as a very strong introvert, under my Hobbit persona I surprisingly found myself loosening up and expressing a fun-loving, impulsive side at our gatherings. For me, they were incredibly important experiments in my adolescent social and emotional growth.

It was in that context where, at one of our very earliest meetings, we were joined by a local musician named Tom Osborne, who went by the name “Dæron”, after a minstrel mentioned in Tolkien’s works. He played guitar and sang a folk song he’d composed around a poem written by Marthe Benedict (aka Therindel), a Tolkien fan of international renown.

The song, “On Ravenhill: Gimli’s Song of Parting”, is a poignant one. You may or may not recall that Gimli was the Dwarf who joined the Fellowship of the Ring to help Frodo bring the One Ring to Mordor. Tom’s song takes place long after the conclusion of the War of the Ring, as Gimli says farewell to the Lonely Mountain and Middle-earth, before joining his Elvish friend Legolas in sailing to the Undying Lands: something no Dwarf had ever been permitted to do.

Between the stirring words, so wonderfully performed, and the direct connection to our newsletter “Ravenhill”, everyone who heard it at that early gathering was near tears, despite the fact that we were mostly teenaged boys. There was something about Tolkien’s works that had touched each of us—the sense of wonder, the magnificence of nature, the freshness of youth, the sentimentality and romanticism—and Tom’s music and Therindel’s words captured all of that perfectly. It’s no exaggeration to say it resonated in my heart and lodged itself permanently in my memory.

The version I have on cassette… Over the past 42 years I never played it very often, but—knowing that it was important to me—I hung onto it through my many moves and all the changing roles and circumstances of my life. I’m happy that after so many years, it’s still in adequate condition for digitizing and posting (here’s the MP3), even if the quality isn’t up to modern standards.

Now, like Gimli, in old age I find myself looking back upon an astonishingly diverse, full, and fulfilling life with immense appreciation. I’m not quite ready to depart for the Undying Lands, but I can look back at the many treasures I have found, and savor precious memories such as those evoked by this deeply meaningful song of parting.

Far down the Lonely Mountain’s southern arm
I stand on the grey rocky height
Whence oft of old was sounded the alarm
And winged messengers soared in urgent flight.

(BEGIN CHORUS)
Only on Ravenhill—can you believe it still?
Looking across the green lands;
Mining the metals we shaped with our hands each day
Under the mountain where mystery lay.
(END CHORUS)

Here sun and wind and rain shaped the stone;
Here blood of kinsmen slain have soaked the clay;
And here I stand bent by the years I’ve known
To hear the echoes of a fading yesterday.

CHORUS

I am a living part of all this land—
Each standing stone, each tree a treasured friend,
Each glint of the sun a gem within my hand—
And yet beneath the sun all things must have an end.

CHORUS

I will surrender all I held as worth
And take the westward road across the sea.
A Dwarf of Durin’s race, a son of the earth,
Who dared to crave the lofty Elvish destiny.

CHORUS

So here I forfeit all my mortal right,
And here I render up my earthly will.
I shall leave it all to seek the light,
For I have bid the past farewell.

CHORUS x3

A couple months I ago I received an email from the eBay auction site, indicating that one of my few remaining product searches had been triggered. In this case, the search text was “MAZAR BALINŪ”. What the heck does that mean?

Welp, I recently posted that in high school I was a big fan of J.R.R. Tolkien, the author of “The Hobbit” and “The Lord of the Rings” trilogy. And that I was one of the founders of the New England Tolkien Society.

NETS had two publications: a monthly newsletter called Ravenhill that my friend Gary put out, and a (nominally) annual literary magazine called MAZAR BALINŪ that I produced. The name is in Tolkien’s Dwarven language and translates to “The Book of Balin”, which was an artifact that the LotR fellowship found in the mines of Moria.

It wasn’t easy to get the artwork, articles, and stories I needed, so only two issues were ever published: in 1980 and 1983. I photocopied issues and mailed them to our members, which were probably less than a hundred people. So it was pretty amazing to discover 40-year-old original copies on eBay, being sold by someone in the Netherlands!

But seeing them got me thinking. To my knowledge, there are no copies of MB online, and I’m not even sure any exist in public collections. So I scanned my archived originals and compiled them into the two PDFs that I can share with you now.

MAZAR BALINŪ I

MAZAR BALINŪ I (pdf)

MAZAR BALINŪ II

MAZAR BALINŪ II (pdf)

As an interesting postscript, MAZAR BALINŪ’s focus on original artwork, poetry, stories, and articles was the antecedent for my subsequent internet-based electronic magazine, FSFnet. FSFnet, which I founded in college in 1984, was renamed DargonZine in 1988, and has held the title of the longest-running electronic magazine on the internet for decades. While it still exists today in a torpid, nominal form, we’ll still celebrate the 40th anniversary of its founding later this year.

…Or Not

Jun. 28th, 2024 12:41 pm

It’s time to come clean and clear up a falsehood that I’ve been telling for decades. Ornoth is not my birth name.

I changed my legal name back in 1994. But ever since then, when someone asked where the name “Ornoth” comes from, I told them it was an old family name with no particular meaning or history or derivation other than prior use. I didn’t think it would be flattering or to my advantage to admit that I’d changed my name or to reveal its origin, so I very purposefully kept it hidden.

Why am I revealing this now? Well, at my age I no longer feel compelled to protect a career, a reputation, or a fragile ego. And in this time where people are allowed to redefine all aspects of their identities, a simple name change doesn’t carry the stigma it once did. And having first started using Ornoth as a moniker fifty years ago, there’s no question that making it my legal name was a good long-term decision. Looking back on it, it was one of the best decisions of my life.

Coat of arms of Orny (Switzerland)

Coat of arms of Orny (Switzerland)

If you want to know the whole story, you’re gonna have to sit down and allow your author to relate this story in the third person, present tense…

Journey with me back five decades to 1976: to a 6th grade English class. An awkward 13 year old kid named David listens attentively as Mrs. Bernier reads J.R.R. Tolkien’s children’s fantasy novel “The Hobbit” to the class. Within a year, the boy enthusiastically plows through Tolkien’s more ambitious three-volume followup: “The Lord of the Rings”.

By chance, around this time he sees a newspaper article about a slightly older kid named Gary: an internationally-known Tolkien fanatic who lives an hour away. They meet up, start recruiting others, and create the New England Tolkien Society: a group of adolescent fans who regularly get together for events that feature discussions, trivia, music, camping, cooking, contests, and costumes.

Along with their costumes, everyone’s got a Middle-earth alter-ego persona. Gary dresses appropriately as a Hobbit called Hidifons. There’s Elven maids named Lothiriel and Therindel, a bard named Dæron, a pack of irascible Dwarves, and a few dozen others.

So David needs to come up with a Tolkien-inspired persona and his “Hobbit name”. Consulting Ruth Noel’s book “The Languages of Tolkien’s Middle-earth”, he mashes together the Elvish words “orn” (meaning “tree”) and “loth” (“flower” or “blossom”) in an attempt to capture the image of the fragrant lilac trees that herald Maine’s brief spring. Thus, he announces himself to his fellow fans as “Ornoth”.

By nature extremely analytical, introverted, and solitary, a curious thing happens as our protagonist proceeds through his high school years. At Tolkien gatherings, he starts making friends, clowning around, acting silly, and flirting with the girls, who playfully shorten his nickname to “Orny”. Being outgoing is so completely out of character for him that he thinks of himself as having two separate and distinct personalities: one named David, who is a quiet, jaded, introverted loner; and the other named Orny, who is impulsive, energetic, and gregarious. “Ornoth” is also the name and persona that he carries with him when he begins attending medieval recreationist events put on by the Society for Creative Anachronism.

The awkwardness of maintaining two separate names and personalities comes to a head when he leaves for college, where he repeatedly winds up living with roommates who share the given name David. Partly out of simple convenience and partly to lean into his outgoing persona rather than the introverted one, he uses “Orny” throughout his college years. After using it for more than a decade, he has become more comfortable identifying as Ornoth – or Orny – than as David.

However, he has to revert to using his given name during the decade following college graduation, which brings marriage and a budding professional career. After several years of early success, both these endeavors flounder, as he is forced out by new management at work, and undergoes a divorce that is partially attributable to the cold dispassion of his predominant “David” persona.

The year was 1992; I was about to turn thirty, my life had fallen apart, and I longed to return to the carefree ease of my days in college and Tolkien fandom.

But this misfortune was also the watershed moment that spurred tremendous changes in my life. I reached out and reconnected with some of my old friends from college. I re-assumed leadership of the electronic writing project I’d left six years earlier. I grew my hair long for the first time and started hanging out in the Boston nightclub and music scenes. I got involved in the local BDSM and polyamory communities. I got an exciting and profitable new job at a cutting-edge consulting firm near M.I.T. where my skills were highly valued. I briefly lived with my old high school girlfriend before finally moving from the distant suburbs into the heart of the city. And I took up cycling again after a decades-long hiatus.

In all these different environments, I went by “Ornoth” or “Orny”, resurrecting the name that I identified with, that represented the kind of person I wanted to be, and which was used by all my friends, both old and new. At the same time, I finally started working to integrate the two halves of my bifurcated self-image: the methodical intellectual and the playful impulsive.

And it was time to finally leave “David” behind, a name that I found uncomfortable, that had unpleasant associations, and was only used by family members.

But my family provided an intimidating obstacle: telling my very conservative parents – who had given me my birth name, after all – that I wanted to legally change it. Fortunately, by then I’d gained the self-confidence to express myself firmly, so they couldn’t do much more than choose to ignore it.

So after nearly twenty years of using it informally, in late June of 1994 I went to probate court and had my name formally changed, taking Ornoth as my first name, and demoting “David” to one of now two middle names. As such things usually go, it was both an immense fundamental change and an anticlimactic formality.

That was thirty years ago this week, and there hasn’t been a single second when I’ve regretted it. Ornoth is who I am, who I have been for nearly all of my life, and how everyone knows me. “David” sounds as alien to my ears as Billy-Joe-Bob.

The only times I was the least bit equivocal about it was when I was introduced to someone new. When the inevitable “What kind of name is that?” question came up, I always fell back on a convenient lie: that it was just an old family name with no specific derivation. But today that equivocation officially ceases, as I take unapologetic and public ownership of this deeply meaningful life choice.

As you might imagine, having a unique name comes with advantages and disadvantages. For some people, it’s easier to remember a name that’s distinctive, but many folks require time and repetition to commit it to memory. So it has often gotten shortened to Orny, Orn, or even just O. People often mishear the ‘th’ and call me “Ornoff”; another common error is “Ornath”; and sometimes people misread a printed ‘rn’ as an ‘m’ and see “Omoth”. Such is the price we pay for being unique.

On the other hand, picking a username is a breeze; I’ve never had to resign myself to being “DAVID783” or the like. Googling has revealed that there are small towns called Orny in both France and Switzerland (see the latter’s coat of arms in the image above), and at least one person in Germany has Ornoth as a surname. And there are several fantasy- and gaming-related websites using Ornoth as the name of a fictional character, which always feels a bit ironic.

Having thought of myself as Ornoth for half a century, it’s not just a part of me; it is me. But so is the entire story of how it became my name: its origin, etymology, and literal meaning; its central role in my social and emotional growth; how I reclaimed it as part of a major mid-life revitalization; and how it prompted me to finally stand up to parental authority.

And while I’m very happy that today literally everyone knows me as Ornoth, I’ve always self-consciously kept all that backstory hidden. But the story behind my name is one that deserves to be claimed and celebrated, and I’m happy to share it with you today on this personally meaningful anniversary.

Five Years

May. 22nd, 2007 03:17 pm
5 years ago:
In mid-2002, I had just been let go after seven years of work at Sapient. I’d also just started my LiveJournal, and was about to leave for an amazing 12-day tour of Scotland with the DargonZine writers.
10 years ago: 1997
In mid-1997, I had just finished a four-month stint of grand jury duty, which was how I escaped a death march project at work. I had also just returned from the first open-attendance DargonZine Writers’ Summit, hosted by Jon Evans in Washington DC. My father was also suffering from terminal cancer.
15 years ago: 1992
In mid-1992, I moved from Shrewsbury to Natick, having separated with my ex-wife the previous summer. I was spending a lot of time clubbing and seeing bands with my buddies Barry and Sean.
20 years ago: 1987
In mid-1987 I was in my last year of school, and writing one of my favorite stories, “Legend in the Making”. I’d marry Linda and honeymoon at the SCA’s Pennsic war within a couple months.
25 years ago: 1982
In 1982 I was about to graduate from high school, and was in the middle of the first grand romance of my life, with Jean.
30 years ago: 1977
In 8th grade, I first read J.R.R. Tolkien’s “Lord of the Rings” and began writing my own derivative story. I also was a founding member of the New England Tolkien Society, and the editor of its annual literary journal, Mazar Balinu.
35 years ago: 1972
In 1972, having finished 2nd grade, my family moved from Portland to Augusta, Maine. This was the last year of my sister’s life.
40 years ago: 1967
In 1967 I was a pre-schooler. My family was living in Portland, Maine, having moved there from Gloucester, Massachusetts, where I had been born.

Every so often, I Google myself. I suppose everyone does it, but not everyone’s name is as completely unique as “Ornoth”.

The results are always educational. Usually, they boil down to four categories: my own sites or pointers to them, logs of emails I’ve sent to public forums, fantasy sites, and people who can’t muster the intellectual capacity to properly spell “ornithology”.

This year’s crop are particularly righteous, including two very different “Lord of the Rings” tie-ins and several deaths. Here’s a sampling…

A Good Day, Part II of II
“I must give thanks to the Gor’tog barbarian Ornoth. The fellow listened to the tale of my quest and kindly stepped aside to let me face the next manifestation of living stone.”
 
Ornoth the Barbarian! Let me hear the lamentation the women!
 
Chapter Two - The Warrant of Death
“There is a Scribe of Thentis, named Ornoth, who regards himself as something of a poet, a narrator …. he considers that he is the guardian of the morals of Gor and spreads malicious false hoods about me…”
 
Check out the subsequest chapters, as well! I think the assassin gets me in the end. And watch out for my malicious false hoods (sic)! Apparently I’m not the only self-styled scribe and poet…
 
Forgotten Realms Chronology 200-299
“A cousin of King Uth III and King Ornoth II of Uthtower and Yarlith respectively, Taman names himself Grand Prince and ruler of the city.”
 
Ornoth Junior? I don't theenk so. I’ll take “King”, tho…
 
L’Armée Tolkienienne: Nirnaeth Arnoediad
“Nirnaeth Arnoediad, Nirnaith Unoth, Ornoth, Dirnoth, Irnoth, la bataille des Larmes Innombrables”
 
In French apparently I’m a synonym for the Battle of Tears Unnumbered against big baddie Melkor.
 
The Ornoth By Marik
“Ornoth made a crack in the ground by slapping his mighty tail against the ground. […] But that wasn’t the end of Ornoth. His spirit went on only to inhabit the one known as Melkor. Melkor turned evil, and caused chaos that nobody could imagine.”
 
But in this LotR tie-in, not only am I The Ornoth, but I’m also an evaporated snake-beaver earthquake god who is the motive force behind big baddie Melkor! Priceless! G’wan, tell me more!

I think it's appropriate to post my thoughts on the collected Lord of the Rings movies here. As I say, I was a rather obsessive Tolkien fan back in high school, so I think these opinions are fairly authoritative. On the other hand, everyone and his mother are Tolkien scholars these days, and they're all pontificating about the movies, so perhaps these observations will be of little value to anyone but myself.

LORD OF THE RINGS: THE FELLOWSHIP OF THE RING

When I was young, I was a major league Tolkien fan. I was one of the founding members of the New England Tolkien Society and edited their annual literary journal, Mazar Balinû. Yes, I had a hobbit name, too: Ornoth Sûlhimdil Brandybuck.

My reaction to "the Fellowship of the Ring" movie is very favorable. They certainly did a far better job than Ralph Bakshi in 1978 or Rank-and Base (sic) in '80. For the most part, the movie took great pains to stay true to the book, and most of the depictions were absolutely right on. But you want to know what was missing, don't you?

Well, my biggest criticism is that the movie didn't capture the sense of wonder that I associate with high fantasy. While the scenery was impressive, it just didn't provide the almost spiritual beauty of the primeval Middle Earth.

On the whole, I was disappointed with the portrayal of Tolkien's Elves. They initially appear as powerfully angelic, but after their initial introduction, they settle down to be nothing more than men with funny ears. They're either too on or too off, when the reality should be something in the middle. The portrayals of Elrond and Celeborn were particularly disappointing.

Those were my biggest criticisms. Here are the minor nits:

  • Gollum's history as a proto-hobbit was lost
  • The encounter with Gildor the Elf in the Shire was removed
  • The evening at Farmer Maggot's was removed
  • Fatty Bolger, the house in Crickhollow, and the Hedge were removed
  • Tom Bombadil, Old Man Willow, and the barrow-wight were cut
  • The dance at Bree was altered
  • Finding the troll from Bilbo's adventure was left out
  • Gandalf's messages at Bree and Amon Sûl were cut
  • Why did they put the horse chase in slow-motion?
  • Arwen professing her love of Aragorn isn't supposed to come until later
  • Bilbo's volunteering to take the Ring was cut, absolutely amazingly!
  • There was no mention of the Elven Rings borne by Elrond and Galadriel
  • I expected Boromir to be larger, rounder, and more red-haired
  • Gollum following them out of Lórien and down the Anduin was not mentioned

But overall, they did a fine job adapting the book to a movie, and what you see is very true to the image that Tolkien created in his book.

LORD OF THE RINGS: THE TWO TOWERS

Unlike The Fellowship of the Ring, this movie strayed quite liberally from Tolkien's books, adding and deleting whole scenes, and altering the basic natures of characters. The most aggregious differences are that in Jackson's movie, Faramir succumbs to the lure of the ring, the Ents decide not to go to war, and Aragorn is missing and presumed dead for a while. While some of the differences were minor nits, some were very substantial.

Another major difference is that the movie ends quite a ways earlier than the books. The books include the reunion and confrontation at Isengard, Pippin and the palantír, and the subsequent separation again, as well as Frodo and Sam's trudge past Minas Morgul, the events at Cirith Ungol, and Frodo's capture while Sam bears the ring.

While some deletions must be made to keep the film's length reasonable, I can't understand why a director would take an immensely popular literary work and stray so far from the original as to add completely fabricated plot elements and dramatically alter the basic natures of important characters. There's no logic in that.

Here's the laundry list of noteworthy differences from the book:

  • In the movie, Pippin simply spits the Elven cloak clasp onto the ground, rather than working his hands free and running some distance from the main path of his captors. The descent into Rohan from the Emyn Muil was deleted.
  • The entire orc rivalry and Pippin's luring Grishnákh by pretending to have the ring was cut! An orc pursues the hobbits into Fangorn in the movie, whereas in the book, the hobbits chance upon Treebeard on a sunny ledge. In the book, Fangorn did not bring the hobbits to see "the white wizard".
  • There is no mention of the Entwives, no Ent-draught, and no appearrance of Quickbeam. Amazingly, in the movie the Entmoot decides not to participate in the war, contrary to the book!
  • Éomer gives the horses to the three hunters freely, rather than grudgingly and requiring Aragorn to return them to Edoras. Gimli has no apparent reluctance riding horses in the movie. Gimli's character in the movie is purely as comic relief, which really demeans his role and presence.
  • The loss of the horses and the three hunters' nighttime visitation by a white wizard were cut.
  • Unbelievably, Aragorn never tells Éomer or Théoden or Háma about Andúril or the fact that he is the rightful king of Gondor!
  • There is an actual fight in Meduseld's halls. Furthermore, Théoden's recovery is depicted much more along the lines of an exorcism, whereas in the book Gandalf mostly simply convinces the king to throw off Gríma's counsel! There is never any mention that Théoden's sword is stashed away in Gríma's quarters.
  • Éowyn doesn't lead the women and children to safety at Dunharrow, but tags along to Helm's Deep with the boys! The entire warg attack was not in the book, nor was Aragorn's fall and subsequent separation from the main host.
  • In the book, Elrond never sent any Elves to fight at Helm's Deep. There's no mention of Erkenbrand's forces. Aragorn sallies forth with Gimli, rather than Legolas. The appearance of the Entwood at Helm's Deep is cut.
  • Frodo and Sam's fall and the use of the Elven rope that was Galadriel's gift to Samwise to descend from the Emyn Muil was lost.
  • Sam's bumbling fall and near-detection at the gates of Mordor did not happen in the book.
  • In the book, Faramir refuses the ring, passing the test in the same manner as Galadriel. However, the movie twists it so that he lusts for the ring, and attempts to take Frodo and Sam back to Gondor! The entire attack on Osgiliath did not appear in the book.
  • The movie ends prematurely, without depicting anything about the reunion at Isengard, the confrontation with Saruman, Pippin and the palantír, the trek past Minas Morgul and Cirith Ungol, Shelob, or Frodo's capture and Sam's period as ringbearer.

Still, despite the rather liberal interpretation of a work that many people dote on, and the fact that even the book is mostly filled with battles or the ringbearer's plodding along, the movie was reasonably enjoyable. I suspect that it will wind up being much like the Fellowship, in that subsequent viewings will enable me to ignore the differences and enjoy it simply for itself. Furthermore, I suspect that like the Fellowship, the Two Towers will probably come out with an expanded DVD containing extra footage, which will hopefully include much of the substantial deleted material.

LORD OF THE RINGS: THE RETURN OF THE KING

If the Fellowship was “mostly true to the book”, and the Two Towers “strayed quite liberally” from them, the Return of the King was an outright butcher job.

It didn’t help that Jackson decided to end the Two Towers film far short of where Tolkien’s book left us. Because of that, Jackson had to fit an additional third of a book into the final, climactic Return of the King film, which itself contains enough material to exceed a single film. The result was a film that, despite running to three and a half hours, still gave us an emasculated Return of the King.

While that might sound a little hash given that Jackson’s slashing didn’t dramatically change the basic storyline, I think that anyone with the brazen audacity to attempt a LotR movie should endeavor to depict the books as faithfully as possible. While Jackson did significantly better than previous attempts, when push come to shove, literary fidelity lost out to expeditiousness and editorial caprice, resulting in a work that, despite beginning well, ended very poorly.

So what did Jackson do in Return of the King that was so egregious? Are you buckled in?

  • The entire confrontation between Gandalf and Saruman and the breaking of Saruman’s staff were deleted.
  • Rather than being thrown at Gandalf by Gríma Wormtongue, the palantír is found in a pool of water by Pippin.
  • Rather than looking into the palantír on the road alone, Pippin looks into it at Edoras, with Merry looking on.
  • At the time, Aragorn also grabs the palantír and looks into it, but no further mention is made of it in the movie. In the book, Aragorn later uses the palantír at Helm’s Deep to reveal himself to Sauron as the returned King of Gondor in order to further pressure Sauron to move before he is ready.
  • In the movie, Aragorn and Gandalf accompany Théoden to Edoras. In the book, Gandalf and Pippin leave before the company returns to Helm’s Deep or Edoras, and Aragorn goes to Dunharrow directly from Helm’s Deep.
  • In the movie, Gandalf is despondent at Edoras. Totally out of character.
  • In the book, Halbarad and the remnants of the Dúnadain join Aragorn at Helm’s Deep and go with him via Dunharrow on the Paths of the Dead, as do Elrond’s sons Elladan and Elrohir. They bring both the king’s standard and counsel from Elrond regarding the Paths of the Dead. All this was cut from the movie.
  • In the movie, the Grey Company’s horses bolted at the gates to the Paths of the Dead. In the book, they don’t.
  • Absolutely no mention is made of the corpse the Grey Company encounters on the Paths.
  • The book has Aragorn summon the Dead to the Stone of Erech, where they debate before joining him; the movie doesn’t mention Erech, and the debate occurs in the tunnels.
  • In the movie, the muster of Rohan takes place in Dunharrow, not Edoras.
  • The whole bit about Arwen going to the havens and turning back did not appear in the book. Nor did the ridiculous crap of her taking ill as a result of Sauron’s strength.
  • In the movie, Andúril is reforged and brought to Aragorn at Dunharrow by Elrond. In the book, it was reforged prior to the fellowship’s departure from Rivendell, and Aragorn bore it thence.
  • Throughout the movies, Elrond is depicted as selfish and negative, completely out of character.
  • The whole scene where Gandalf has Pippin light Minas Tirith's beacon never happened in the book.
  • Bergil and Beregond and their friendship with Pippin do not appear at all.
  • Prince Imrahil of Dol Amroth was removed entirely.
  • The movie had Pippin go with Gandalf to assist Faramir’s retreat from Osgiliath.
  • The song Pippin sings to Denethor (“Upon the hearth the fire is red”) only appears in the trilogy when the hobbits are leaving the Shire, between the encounter with the black rider that drives them off the road and their meeting Gildor. It is most emphatically not a plainchant. It is described as a walking song, and Pippin ends it in a particularly high and emphatic “And now to bed!”
  • What is up with Gandalf’s Kosmik Karate against Denethor? That wasn’t in the book and is totally out of character for Gandalf.
  • Beregond’s saving Faramir from Denethor was removed, and Denethor is amazingly accidentally killed by Gandalf. In the book, Denethor kills himself, with the palantír in his hands.
  • The movie barely even depicts one of the most important symbols of power: the lack of a dawn during Sauron’s strength, and the return of the light during his defeat.
  • The entire ride of the Rohirrim is deleted, including the Woses and Ghân-buri-Ghân.
  • In the movie, Éowyn and Merry and Faramir tag along for the march to the gates of Mordor. In the book, they are all near death in the Houses of Healing. Ioreth professes that the hands of the king ae the hands of a healer, and Aragorn confirms his royalty by finding some athelas and healing them before the march to the gate. While recovering back in Minas Tirith, Éowyn and Faramir’s romance blossoms. Amazingly, all this was completely cut from the movie.
  • The parley with the Mouth of Sauron was deleted.
  • The scene where Gollum tosses the lembas never appeared in the book.
  • It is totally and utterly out of character for Frodo to side with Gollum and abandon Sam, telling him to go home. Complete fabrication.
  • Sam’s following the orcs beneath Cirith Ungol is deleted, as is his lengthy use of the Ring and resulting reputation as a mighty Elf warrior. The Watchers outside Cirith Ungol are also completely deleted.
  • In the movie, Sam tells Frodo that he doesn’t expect there to be a return journey; in the book, Frodo tells Sam.
  • Frodo and Sam’s “capture” and forced march by orcs from Durthang was also completely deleted.
  • Aragorn’s final confirmation of kingship—finding a sapling of the White Tree—was also cut.
  • Sharkey/Saruman’s destruction of the Shire was completely cut, eviscerating the end of the book and the hobbits’ reputation as heroes within the Shire.

As you can see, Jackson only depicted about 60% of Tolkien’s final volume, and introduced some capricious and lamentable additions of his own devising. From the standpoint of capturing what Tolkien wrote, both in terms of specific details as well as the wonder and magic, Jackson’s Return of the King is a dreadful finale to a project that started out pretty promising.

As for the trilogy overall, it’s still a pretty good effort. Capturing Tolkien is not something that could be easily done, and Jackson made a far better showing than any previous attempt. Still, I think it became obvious that he’d bitten off more than he could digest when he moved a third of the Two Towers from the second to the third movie, and even a three and a half hour running time couldn’t accomodate the amount of material that needs to be depicted in order to do justice to the story.

Is it worth seeing? Yes. Is it faithful to the books? Moreso than any other attempt, but I’d say it only gets a C+ for fidelity. Is it an utter failure? No, Jackson did well within the constraints he was given.

In the end, I did enjoy the movies. They were entertaining, and I hope that they inspire yet another generation of fans who will accept fantasy as a valid literary genre, and then mature from more juvenile high fantasy to the more adult low fantasy that DargonZine publishes.

What were your favorite childhood stories?
I don’t have any specific affinities for any writing prior to 7th grade (12 years of age). However, my English teacher at that time read some juvenile lit aloud each day in class. We went through Madeleine L’Engle’s “A Wrinkle in Time” and J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Hobbit”. The latter made enough of an impression that I went on to read and enjoy the slightly more adult “Lord of the Rings” trilogy and become a hardcore Tolkien fan.
 
I also aped “The Hobbit” the following year in the first piece of fiction I ever wrote, a 4-page, 2200-word quest to bring healing medicine to an afflicted prince. Instead of Gandalf the Grey, I had Galor the Elder. In place of Mirkwood my story introduced the Wood of Darkness, a place haunted by the spirits of the dead trees, which took the form of skeletal flying monkeys (a là “Wizard of Oz”). Instead of the Misty Mountains, I had the Murky Mountains, and instead of Gollum I provided the Farog, a solitary subterranean beastie with a poisonous bite. Tolkien’s Beorn was replaced by a healer named Thodin living alone between the wood and the mountains. The story was titled, appropriately enough, “Ornoth’s Journey”, after the protagonist, a prince who undertook the quest along with his brother and sister and the wizard. The opening line, reworked a thousand times in dozens of subsequent revisions, is forever branded in my mind:
Spring came early to Gamdorn, and all of the fields were alive with color, as a stranger clad in a dark robe stroke up the walk to the doors of the large Royal Hall…
But that’s getting rather afield from the original line of inquiry.
 
What books from your childhood would you like to share with [your] children?
My what???
 
Have you re-read any of those childhood stories and been surprised by anything?
Re-reading Tolkien was something of a letdown, because by then I’d become a very proficient fantasy writer and editor myself, and I found his work quite different in style from that which I preferred. While he still retained the sense of wonder that is absolutely critical to the success of any fantasy story, I disagreed with his pacing, and had outgrown the remoteness and the moral absolutes of high fantasy, having found low fantasy both more palatable and more fertile for stories of real human interest.
 
How old were you when you first learned to read?
I have no recollection. A typical age. Three to five?
 
Do you remember the first 'grown-up' book you read? How old were you?
No real recollection, although the “Lord of the Rings” might qualify.

You’d think that as a writer I would have stronger opinions about fiction, but in truth I consider prose a rather cheap commodity. After all, much of it is poorly-written, and even the stuff that’s well-written is easily come by and available in a near inexhaustible quantity. Therefore I don’t tend to value fiction very highly. That might seem an odd view for someone who claims creative writing as their primary method of artistic expression, but so it is.

What was/is your favorite subject in school? Why?
In high school, I loved Diplomatic History with Mr. Bartholomew. He brought a goofy enthusiasm to the subject, gave us the best textbook ever (Bailey's "Diplomatic History of the American People" -- I still have an old copy that I stole), and involved us in classroom activities like playing Avalon-Hill's "Diplomacy" (still by far the best game ever invented) and the Model United Nations. It really tapped my already-strong interest in international politics, and set my course toward a bachelors in International Affairs. Honorable mention needs to go to M. Ayotte's accelerated French class, where he exposed us to the great Existentialists (Sartre, Camus) and Theater of the Absurd (Ionesco) in their native language.
 
In college, my favorite classes continued in this vein, including American Diplomatic History, International Relations, International Law, Islamic Fundamentalism, Cultures & Societies of the Middle East, Communist Government, Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union, Marxian Economics, History of Modern Japan, and so forth. Honorable mention also goes to my accelerated language programs in German and Russian, which were also a blast. It's really kind of a pity I never went to classes during college!
 
Although I've only been in art school for a year, so far my favorite courses there have been Typography and 2-Dimensional Design.
 
Who was your favorite teacher? Why?
I really didn't form many close associations with teachers. My seventh grade English teacher read "The Hobbit" to us in class, setting me on a path toward Tolkien fandom, zine publishing, the SCA, D&D, and most importantly fiction writing. I've already mentioned my two main high school influences: Bart and M. Ayotte. In college, I guess Lek Pyle, my Russian instructor, was a favorite because of his easygoing and goofy ways.
 
What is your favorite memory of school?
I don't have any particularly vivid memories of high school, but I do recall enjoying writing a 12-page term paper on "The Role of Antarctica in U.S. Foreign Policy" for U.S. Government, and also giving a speech on it for Speech class; both received A+'s, of course...
 
In college, there were many memories, but I guess one of the most personally meaningful was the day FSFnet (now DargonZine) was born. It was a Saturday afternoon in December, and the UMaine computer center was absolutely dead because of a heavy snowfall the previous night. With a light snow still falling, the only people around were myself and Murph, the computer operator who was on-duty in the machine room. We hung out for a while and he liked my idea of starting a fantasy and science fiction "zine" that would go out over BITNET. Eighteen years later, it's the longest-running electronic magazine on the Internet, and has transmuted into an all-fiction publication, dedcated to helping aspiring writers improve their craft through collaboration and mutual support.
 
What was your favorite recess game?
Well, dodge-ball will always be a particular favorite, due to its inherently violent nature, and the fact that, like tennis and racquetball, my reaction time and athleticism gave me a natural advantage. Kick-ball was the staple, though. During first and second grade I went to a school that had an immense boulder (think room-sized) on the grounds, and we used climb around on it.
 
What did you hate most about school?
There's really not much I hated about school, other than the constant mental discipline required. Really the only thing that sticks out as particularly unpleasant were the ritualized fights that took place in grammar school, around fourth or fifth grade. That always seemed really pointless to me.
 

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