When the philosophy behind Vipassan⁠meditation started to resonate for me, I went through a phase of hoovering up as much as of the dhamma as I could get my paws on. Not content with my meditation center’s weekly dhamma talk, I subscribed to podcasts from teachers like Gil Fronsdal and Ajahn Brahm and drank deeply from the resulting firehose of teachings. Once new meditators find the dhamma, it’s not uncommon for them to go through an intense period of curiosity and enthusiasm like that.

I recently gave a talk about the importance of learning about the dhamma. Although I provided a verbal list of resources to help meditators self-educate, I have assembled this blogpost for easier and more permanent reference.

Although there are many flavors of Buddhism, this list focuses on Vipassan⁠or Insight Meditation, which has become popular in the US, as evinced by the success of the meditation centers and teachers listed below. So my most fundamental pointer is to seek out anything that claims to belong to the Vipassan⁠/ Insight Meditation heritage, as there are a ton of resources beyond the few items I can list here.

Audio & Video Resources

Why list audio resources first? Because the dhamma has traditionally been shared via “dhamma talks”, but also because it’s a much more personal experience, allowing the listener to really connect with and get a feel for the teacher and the teachings. I truly believe that the experience of listening to the dhamma is the best way to learn about it (and preferably in-person, when possible).

DharmaSeed
This website contains an ever-growing collection of tens of thousands of high-quality audio recordings of dhamma talks by hundreds of amazing teachers, collected over a period of more than 30 years. It is an absolutely incomparable resource that I cannot recommend highly enough.

Audio Dharma
Gil Fronsdal is perhaps my favorite teacher, and this site offers recordings of dhamma talks given by Gil and other teachers at his Insight Meditation Center in California. While most dhamma talks are about 45 minutes long, this site also has shorter talks they call “darmettes”.

Buddhist Society of Western Australia
Ajahn Brahm, the Spiritual Director of BSWA, is a monk in the Thai Forest tradition of Ajahn Chah. A Londoner by birth, his sense of humor has made him a widely-sought-out speaker. The BWSA Teachings web page links to a rich collection of both audio and video dhamma talks. Ajahn Brahm is also the author of several very readable dhamma books.

Amaravati Monastery
Located in south-eastern England, Amaravati is another monastery in the Thai Forest tradition. The Teachings section of their web site contains lots of dhamma talks by respected teachers as well as a handful of videos.

Recommended Reading Lists

Before I dive into my own suggestions, here are some excellent reading lists compiled by major Insight Meditation centers.

Insight Meditation Society, Barre MA
The very successful first American Insight Meditation center has a definitive list of the best books around, sorted both by author and topic.

Cambridge Insight Meditation Society, Cambridge MA
Boston’s CIMC provides a slightly more succinct list, with lots of overlap with the IMS list.

Insight Meditation Center, Redwood City CA
IMC’s list naturally focuses on Gil Fronsdal’s books, but also includes many others, organized by topic.

Bhavana Society, High View WV
The list at Sri Lankan monk Bhante G.’s center naturally focuses on his works, which span the entire spectrum from beginner to expert.

My Book Recommendations

Although there are lots of commercially available books on Insight Meditation, you don’t have to spend a ton of money on them. Borrow books from your library or your fellow practitioners. And you can also usually find free books at your local meditation centers, because the dhamma has traditionally always been offered free-of-charge.

Also, before you spend money on a book, check to be sure its tone and texture is right for you. Meditation books tend to fall into two camps: really dense, esoteric, academic books for the advanced practitioner; and down-to-earth books that are more approachable and suitable for the rest of us. Although there are exceptions to every generalization, often the former are written by monastics or Asians for whom Buddhist philosophy and the Pali language were part of their upbringing. In contrast, most of us will be more comfortable with the westernized material written by Americans who studied in Asia.

Having said that, here are some of my specific recommendations:

Although I don’t have specific books in mind, I also highly recommend books and talks by any of the following teachers:

  • Jack Kornfield
  • Sharon Salzberg
  • Joseph Goldstein
  • Tara Brach
  • Sylvia Boorstein
  • Cristina Feldman

Pali Canon Suttas

Finally, I would be remiss if I didn’t mention the Access to Insight web site. Although it’s not something a beginner would curl up with in front of the fire on a cold winter night, it is nonetheless an excellent repository of the original suttas that comprise the Theravadan Buddhist canon. If someone mentions a sutta that sounds interesting, or if you just want to explore the source material, this is your best online resource. The most fundamental discourses for Vipassan⁠practitioners are:

And another very similar site is SuttaCentral.

May your exploration of the dhamma be fruitful and rewarding!

Ten months ago, I went out to the Insight Meditation Society for their 9-day New Years retreat. It was my first time doing a retreat of that length, and I found it vastly more dramatic and emotionally challenging than any retreat I’d ever experienced.

When I came home, I hoped to share my experiences in two separate blog posts: one public, the other friends-locked. Although I completed the first draft of the public post, I never shared it, because I was unable to adequately express the more personal stuff in the private post. And external events interfered, as well.

Nearly a year has passed now, and so much has changed since then. I guess I probably won’t ever complete the private half of my account, but I thought it appropriate to clean up and share the bit I’d planned to post publicly, for those of my friends who are interested.

So here’s my report on last year’s New Years retreat, albeit belated and edited for privacy.

New Years Eve at IMS
Winter in Barre
Cold Sunrise at Gaston Pond
Snow on IMS hiking path
Snow on IMS hiking path

Back in December, three women and I shared a car ride out to the Insight Meditation Society in Barre for their 9-day New Years retreat with guiding teachers Yanai Postelnik, Catherine McGee, and Pascal Auclair.

This was only my second time at IMS, the prior visit being a 5-day retreat two years before. After reviewing my blog entry from that first visit, I made damned sure to bring more than a single pair of socks!

As you might imagine, the weather in the Worcester hills at the end of December provided a spectacle of its own. The first three days were fairly mild (35-42°), and the ground was bare, so I took the opportunity to familiarize myself with the miles of walking trails through the woods behind the center.

That was followed by five straight days where it didn’t get above 22°, and dipped below zero for several nights. Thankfully, our rooms were kept comfortably warm, although I noticed one space heater being used to thaw some frozen pipes in the basement of one of the dorms.

We had two snowfalls of about 3 and 6 inches, neither of which stopped me from regular trudges through the wooded paths out back, as you can see from the photos at right.

While walking outside on New Years Eve (before the snows), I realized that the long hedge in front of IMS was made up of large holly trees. Having grown up in Maine, I have a deep affinity for holly, which thrives in similarly cold and desolate places. So I gathered a handful of holly leaves and berries from the ground and placed them along the windowsill in my room (see photo).

The cold weather peaked on day eight of the retreat, when I took what could be conservatively called a brisk 3-mile trek around Gaston Pond. The sunrise above the snowed-over pond was lovely, but I nearly lost my fingers taking the accompanying photograph in air that was seven degrees below zero! Ironically, that was during perihelion, the time of year when the distance between the Earth and the Sun is actually the shortest!

Then the temperatures miraculously shot back up to nearly 50° on a misty morning on the last day of the retreat. The fog only thickened as the week’s snows rapidly sublimated and completely disappeared.

I definitely didn’t sleep well, and heard similar reports from several others. My theory is that the amount of time spent each day with eyes closed, observing the mind, builds up so much momentum that it’s difficult to shut it down to go to sleep at night. But that’s just one theory.

On New Years Eve, the teachers led us through a ceremony that included writing something we’d like to give up or leave behind on a piece of paper, then depositing them into a container to later be burned. I was sitting next to the container, and it was interesting to observe how most people emphatically threw their unwanted attributes into it, often ritually ripping the paper into bits beforehand. And then a very few folks (including myself) were much more reluctant to drop theirs in, as if they were letting go of a safety blanket.

The second Saturday—day eight of the retreat—was the day that all hell broke loose.

After returning from that long, frigid sunrise walk I mentioned above, I noticed that my throat was really sore. I had come down with a cold. I had taken lots of careful precautions, knowing that retreats are ideal breeding grounds for disease, but it had still caught up with me. Thankfully, there were only two days left before we headed home!

But that was nothing compared to what followed. At the start of the midday sitting, the teachers asked us to immediately go and check our rooms and secure our valuables, because someone had gone into several meditators’ rooms (there were no locks on any of the doors) and taken all their cash! Eventually we learned that eight to ten people in one particular dorm had been robbed, and some prescription painkillers had been taken, as well.

Having spent an entire week opening their hearts and allowing themselves to work with their emotional vulnerabilities, it would be difficult to describe the sense of violation that my fellow retreatants felt. However, with the wisdom of the teachers, the group found some ways to respond to the invasion that helped people heal.

First, the entire retreat—more than a hundred people—took up the “om mani padme hum” chant and walked in a procession from the main building’s meditation hall, through my dorm, then across a passage to the affected dorm, and back again. The chant was moving and powerful, and the combined strength and goodwill of so many people helped the meditators in that building feel that we had “taken back” the space.

Then arrangements were made for small groups of people to voluntarily take shifts doing walking meditation in that building all night long, so that the residents would know that someone was awake and present at all hours to protect them in case the thief returned. I would have volunteered, but I knew that getting a good night’s sleep was imperative for fighting my oncoming cold.

I wasn’t particularly concerned about my own safety. My room was near the main building, and no one in my dorm had been robbed. I was mostly concerned for the others. But as we went to bed that night, everyone was on edge and emotionally primed to respond to the potential return of the trespasser.

So it was in that state of mind that I woke up at 2am when the door to my room was opened. In the dim light from the “Exit” signs I could see the silhouette of someone slipping into my room from the corridor. By the time I was conscious enough to respond, they’d begun backing up, but that was when it hit me that this could well be the guy!

My heart racing and barely aware of what I was doing in my panic, I threw off my bedding, grabbed the door, and screamed “HEY!!!” The interloper was backing off hurriedly, then cowered on the opposite side of the corridor from me, saying “Imsorry Imsorry Imsorry, I got confuuused!”

That wasn’t the response I would expect from a thief, so I froze in mid-leap. That gave me enough time to scan what I could see of the person’s features in the darkness. Out of a hundred complete strangers at the retreat, I thought I recognized one of the women I had shared a ride with… “Claudia, is it?”

Apparently it was. She apologized again, and I think I just said “Okay” and closed the door on her. I would have flopped right back to sleep, except my heart was pounding and I was chock full of adrenalin. No matter how still I laid or how much I tried to calm my mind, there was no more sleep that night.

The next day—the last full day of the retreat—the teachers held a a small session for people who still felt they needed to work through some of their reaction to the burglary. I decided I would go and just ask how to deal with my body’s response, because no matter how much my mind had settled, my heart was still racing along in fight mode.

Claudia also appeared at that meeting, and we talked through the event. Apparently she had been one of the people doing walking meditation during the night, and in returning hadn’t realized that the passage from the second floor of one dorm led to the first floor of the other. She had walked into what would have been her room if she had been on the second floor, but because she was mistakenly on the first floor, she’d walked in on me instead.

People going into the wrong room by accident isn’t unheard-of there, since the doors all look the same, and there weren’t any locks on them (there are now). Of course, having that happen to me at 2am the night after a burglary was pretty much the worst timing imaginable. Since it was conceivable that something like that could still happen again, the following night I slept with my bed frame blocking my door from opening at all. I didn’t want to go through that a second time!

The final day brought the closing feedback session, where I spoke a brief piece about how the retreat had affected me emotionally much more than any previous retreat. And Claudia and I and the other two women in our car were the last ones out of the center after the retreat ended.

So, that’s a good bit about the body of the retreat. Now I’ll talk a bit about some of the ideas that came to me while spending all that time in silence.

Everything we experience, which feels so personal and unique to us, isn’t; it’s actually just one instance of sensations that virtually all humans experience at some point in their lives. Viewing them as universal phenomena makes it easier to hold one’s own pain lightly and feel a lot more compassion for others.

I thought up two interesting metaphors for how we relate to time. One can only see what’s happening clearly by being fully engaged and aware in the temporal present. Our past experiences can be like the film on a dirty window, making it more difficult to accurately view what’s going on in the present; our histories leave a residue that obscures or filters one’s view of the present. One need to try to see through or beyond the obscuration, or somehow clean the obstructions away. Similarly, focusing on the future can cast a shadow that darkens and obscures one’s view of the present; you can either spend all your time planning for and living in the shadow of an as-yet unrealized future, or step out of the shadow and experience the present moment in its full, vivid brilliance.

There’s an old instruction that goes something like this: never miss an opportunity to make someone else happy. I had some opportunities to play with this during the retreat, and the results were rewarding. I’d like to remember to do this more often.

When dealing with strong emotions (positive or negative), the best way to relate to it is with curiosity. Trying to suppress it isn’t healthy, and conversely one can easily lose perspective by self-indulgently wallowing in those emotions. The correct prescription is to explore one’s emotions with a sense of curiosity, because then one can understand, see the value of, and learn from those feelings.

In meditation, we cultivate a separation between the observer and the observed. In that way, the part of the persona that is observed can experience an emotion like anger, while another a part of the mind is at a slight distance from the experience, observing it, and learning from it. This separation of the observer from the observed isn’t just useful to help us see ourselves more clearly. Conversely, for those of us who have difficulty with our emotions, or are afraid of giving them free rein, it’s also a good way to free part of one’s persona to be fully absorbed in our emotions without the fear of losing control or being overwhelmed by them.

The common conceptual framework we inherited tell us that the heart is the place where we feel emotion. But saying that the heart is the seat of emotion is no more accurate than saying you hear sound through your kneecaps. If the heart was truly where emotions were located, people with man-made artificial hearts would never feel emotion, and doctors would perform cardiac surgery to cure depression, rather than prescribe drugs that impact brain chemistry! It’s time to stop referring to the heart as the seat of emotion, which is merely fossilized lore from a distant time of human ignorance.

There’s a huge amount more to say about that retreat, but I’m afraid the rest of the story will have to wait.

It took me eight years to do it, but I’ve finally sat my first silent residential meditation retreat out at the Insight Meditation Society in rural Barre, Mass. Here’s a report from the front lines…

My first hard-won insights actually came before the retreat, when all my prospective rides bagged on me, and my postings on IMS’ ride board produced nothing. But two guys said they were planning on taking the commuter rail to Worcester and biking the remaining 25 miles to Barre, so that’s what I did.

Fortunately the weather was an un-April-like mid-70s, and the ride out went well. The route featured a very sharp 3-mile climb out of Worcester, 13 miles of gradual downhill through Paxton, Rutland, and Oakham, and ended with another steep 3-miler up to the meditation center. Here’s the GPS log. It was marred only by one of my companions flatting only a few miles in, and the heavy backpack I had to carry.

The weather had been one of my concerns, since April can still be below freezing in Central Mass, but four of my five days in Barre were in the 70s.

Contrary to some other fears, the accomodations were quite reasonable, and the vegetarian food was quite satisfactory. There was only one meal where I really couldn’t eat anything, which is quite surprising, given how finicky I am.

One of the things my friends rave about is the setting at IMS. It’s rural, so it’s a big old house surrounded by farms and woodlands. Apparently that’s a big deal to my friends, but having grown up in Maine, it didn’t strike me as anything special. Like any other rural place, it’s generally quiet except for the insects and the birds. I walked one of the woodland trails and the Gaston Pond loop, which were indeed pleasant, but nothing exceptional.

But the majority of the time (from 5:15am to 9:30pm each day) was spent in silent meditation, either sitting or walking. Although this was my first residential retreat, I’ve done many non-residential weekend retreats and five 9-day “sandwich” retreats at CIMC. On top of that, I’ve got a healthy daily sitting practice, and I’ve been meditating for eight years now. So I was pretty well prepared for this short 5-day retreat.

Teachers Rebecca, Greg, Eowyn

The first couple days went well; I find I can settle my mind into silence pretty quickly and can stay there for quite some time. It wasn’t until Friday—the third day—when I found my mind going off on its own. And for two days, that’s what it did, in a series of four half-day bouts of preoccupation with one topic.

The first topic started quite accidentally. After three days without it, Thursday night I figured that I should use my cellphone to check the weather to learn whether I’d be biking home in 75-degree sun or 45-degree rain.

While I read the weather, my phone downloaded my email. Out of the corner of my eye I saw a notification that I’d received an email from a friend with the subject line “gonna miss you…”. I didn’t think anything of it at the time and went off to bed.

The next morning’s meditation began like this: “She sent me a note saying she misses me while I’m on retreat! How sweet is that?” From there my mind continued making up stories. “I wonder what she wrote… She’s been friendly to me lately. Does she like me? What if she does? What would that be like? What would we tell our friends? And how?”

I let this train of thought hurtle along for a couple sitting periods before curiosity finally got the better of me and I checked to see what she’d written. That was how I learned that she hadn’t emailed me directly, but posted to a mailing list we were both on. What I’d embellished into a love note was really just an apology that she’d be unable to make an upcoming group event!

So that wound up being a very amusing and timely lesson in both humility and how much of a story the mind can make up out of nothing at all.

Friday’s other preoccupation was with a bit of land that had been cleared in preparation for IMS’ construction of a new dormatory building. They had felled a couple dozen mature trees, leaving dead stumps and branches, and three big piles of wood chips in a torn-up gravel area.

This didn’t sit well with me, partially because I view it as a violation of the Buddhist precept to “refrain from destroying living creatures”, one of the vows the center had asked us to take on the first day of our retreat.

I was also personally affronted by it, partially because of the reverence for nature that was instilled in me growing up in Maine, and partially because I view trees as embodying the Buddhist principles of non-harming, equanimity, and noble silence, as I discussed in a prior blogpost. I took two wood chips from the piles of remains and brought them home as mementos.

But this story has a more satisfying ending, because I later learned that IMS had showed respect by having some monks conduct a formal ceremony before killing the trees, and the wood will be used in the construction of the new dorm, as mentioned here. So at least it wasn’t done callously.

The next day—the last full day of the retreat—also featured two major preoccupations. The first was just a whole lot of repressed sexual energy. Spent half a day watching that.

The other half of the day was spent wrestling with work anxiety. Although that stress had a lot of energy and persistence, it was easy to set aside because it came up on my last precious day at IMS, a place I’ve wanted to visit for years. The importance of being “in the moment”—rather than lost in thought—was never clearer!

Then it was Sunday and time to go home. But not before the guy who flatted on the way out had another flat as we were leaving. The ride back to Worcester wasn’t as pleasant as the ride out: it was cold and it poured for the second half of the ride. We were very glad to get to the commuter rail station where we dried off and changed into dry clothes before the train ride back to Boston.

In addition to all that, there are a few brief observations I’d like to share…

When I was packing my bag, I initially pulled out 6 pairs of socks to bring, but having very limited space in my backpack, I decided to take only 3 pair and do double-duty. So as I was leaving, I left a pile with half my socks behind. Unfortunately, those were the ones that were left after I’d already put the other pairs away, so I only had one pair of socks for six days…

The highlight of the center’s short orientation tour was seeing the single-lane candlepin bowling alley in the basement underneath the meditation hall… where the Dalai Lama once bowled!

Surprisingly, none of my friends from my kalyana mitta group nor anyone that I know from CIMC attended this retreat. Actually, I think that was a good thing, in that it meant I could practice without thinking about that extra contact. I did, however, receive a very warm welcome from my friend Shea (who works in IMS’ kitchen) on the arrival day, before we entered into silent practice.

People do various forms of bowing at the start and/or end of sittings. But this was the first time I’d ever seen anyone bow toward the back of the hall. Or perhaps they were showing their butts to the Buddha statue? Very odd.

One of the most discomforting images you can witness is seeing a teacher or practice leader bobbing and weaving during a sitting, on the edge of falling asleep. If they do fall asleep, there’s no one to ring the bell and end the sitting!

It was kind of gratifying that one of the teachers lost her place while leading the first metta chanting.

It was really pleasant doing walking meditation on the Annex porch, especially around sunset or in the darkness after the sun had gone down.

I did two or three sessions of mindful movement (yoga). It was okay.

My “yogi job” was dinnertime pot-washer, which worked out well because it meant that I had the traditional 7:15am morning “work period” to myself. I also made friends with a woman named Margot from JP who shared my job.

Since the retreat is conducted in silence, people often leave notes with questions for the teachers. I left a note that read, “Thank you for introducing me to this group of people. –The Unconditioned”.

Sometimes people have to take a little time re-integrating with the pace and furor of the regular world. I had no such problems—and it’s a good thing, too, considering I had to bike through the city of Worcester—but I can see how it might happen to people on longer retreats.

Lessons learned: Bring cocoa mix. Bring a rag to open doors with to avoid getting germs from commonly-used surfaces.

Finally, I think Jon Kabat-Zinn’s book “Full Catastrophe Living” must be a reference to what happens in the bathroom when you eat vegetarian…

So overall I’d say it was a very positive experience. I don’t think it was qualitatively different from the non-residential retreats I’ve been on, but the amount of unbroken practice time does seem to have a profound effect in terms of one’s ability to quiet the mind enough to examine one’s stuff in the light of wisdom.

I do expect that I’ll do additional retreats, and I’m not particularly concerned about doing longer ones. I certainly think I am ready and capable of a 14-day retreat. Whether that’s a practical aspiration or not remains to be seen. It’d certainly be easier if I were working for myself or unemployed (although then I probably wouldn’t have the funds).

But, as ever, the practice continues and life unfolds as it does.

Frequent topics